UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2020

or

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-39080

POWERFLEET, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(201) 996-9000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Yes [  ] No [X]

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding as of the close of business on May 11, 2020 was 29,899,110.

INDEX

PowerFleet, Inc. and Subsidiaries

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share data)

*Derived from audited balance sheet as of December 31, 2019.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

POWERFLEET, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

March 31, 2020

In thousands (except per share data)

NOTE 1 - DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Description of the Company

As described more fully in Note 4, on October 3, 2019, PowerFleet, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “PowerFleet,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”) completed the Transactions (as defined below) contemplated by (i) the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 13, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among I.D. Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“I.D. Systems”), the Company, Pointer Telocation Ltd., a private company limited by shares formed under the laws of the State of Israel (“Pointer”), PowerFleet Israel Ltd. (f/k/a Powerfleet Israel Holding Company Ltd.), a private company limited by shares formed under the laws of the State of Israel and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“PowerFleet Israel”), and Powerfleet Israel Acquisition Company Ltd., a private company limited by shares formed under the laws of the State of Israel and a wholly-owned subsidiary of PowerFleet Israel prior to the Transactions (“Pointer Merger Sub”), and (ii) the Investment and Transaction Agreement, dated as of March 13, 2019, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto dated as of May 16, 2019, Amendment No. 2 thereto dated as of June 27, 2019 and Amendment No. 3 thereto dated as of October 3, 2019 (the “Investment Agreement,” and together with the Merger Agreement, the “Agreements”), by and among I.D. Systems, the Company, PowerFleet US Acquisition Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company prior to the Transactions (“I.D. Systems Merger Sub”), and ABRY Senior Equity V, L.P., ABRY Senior Equity Co-Investment Fund V, L.P. and ABRY Investment Partnership, L.P. (the “Investors”), affiliates of ABRY Partners II, LLC. As a result of the transactions contemplated by the Agreements (the “Transactions”), I.D. Systems and PowerFleet Israel each became direct, wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company and Pointer became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Prior to the Transactions, PowerFleet had no material assets, did not operate any business and did not conduct any activities, other than those incidental to its formation and matters contemplated by the Agreements. I.D. Systems was determined to be the accounting acquirer in the Transactions. As a result, the historical financial statements of I.D. Systems for the periods prior to the Transactions are considered to be the historical financial statements of PowerFleet and the results of Pointer have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of the Transactions.

The Company is a global leader and provider of subscription-based wireless Internet-of-Things (IoT) and machine-to-machine (M2M) solutions for securing, controlling, tracking, and managing high-value enterprise assets such as industrial trucks, tractor trailers, containers, cargo, and vehicles and truck fleets.

I.D. Systems, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in 1993. PowerFleet, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in February 2019 for the purpose of effectuating the Transactions and commenced operations on October 3, 2019, upon the closing of the Transactions.

Impact of COVID-19

The global outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, and mitigation efforts by governments to attempt to control its spread, has resulted in significant economic disruption and continues to adversely impact the broader global economy. The extent of the impact on the Company’s business and financial results will depend largely on future developments that cannot be accurately predicted at this time, including the duration of the spread of the outbreak, the extent and effectiveness of containment actions and the impact of these and other factors on capital and financial markets and the related impact on the financial circumstances of our employees, customers and suppliers. As of the date of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may materially impact the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition is uncertain.

Basis of presentation

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2020, the consolidated results of its operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, the consolidated change in stockholders’ equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 and the consolidated cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020. The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year then ended.

Liquidity

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $16,606 and working capital of $24,105. The Company’s primary sources of cash are cash flows from operating activities, its holdings of cash, cash equivalents and investments from the sale of its capital stock and borrowings under its credit facility. To date, the Company has not generated sufficient cash flows solely from operating activities to fund its operations.

In addition, PowerFleet Israel and Pointer are party to a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Bank Hapoalim B.M. (“Hapoalim”), pursuant to which Hapoalim provided PowerFleet Israel with two senior secured term loan facilities in an aggregate principal amount of $30,000 (comprised of two facilities in the aggregate principal amount of $20,000 and $10,000) and a five-year revolving credit facility to Pointer in an aggregate principal amount of $10,000. The proceeds of the term loan facilities were used to finance a portion of the cash consideration payable in the Company’s acquisition of Pointer. The proceeds of the revolving credit facility may be used by Pointer for general corporate purposes. The Company has not borrowed under the revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2020. See Note 12 for additional information.

The Company has on file a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 that was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on November 27, 2019. Pursuant to the shelf registration statement, the Company may offer to the public from time to time, in one or more offerings, up to $60,000 of its common stock, preferred stock, warrants, debt securities, and units, or any combination of the foregoing, at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of any such offering. The specific terms of any future offering will be determined at the time of the offering and described in a prospectus supplement that will be filed with the SEC in connection with such offering.

The Company believes that its available working capital, anticipated level of future revenues and expected cash flows from operations will provide sufficient funds to cover capital requirements through at least May 15, 2021.

NOTE 2 – USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company continually evaluates estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements for reasonableness. The most significant estimates relate to measurements of fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and acquisition-related contingent consideration, realization of deferred tax assets, the impairment of tangible and intangible assets, the assessment of the Company’s incremental borrowing rate used to determine its right-of-use asset and lease liability, deferred revenue and stock-based compensation costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

As of March 31, 2020, the impact of the outbreak of COVID-19 continues to unfold. As a result, many of our estimates and assumptions required increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, our estimates may change materially in future periods.

NOTE 3 – CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents unless they are legally or contractually restricted. The Company’s cash and cash equivalent balances exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and other local jurisdictional limits. Restricted cash at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020 consists of cash held in escrow for purchases from a vendor.

NOTE 4 - ACQUISITIONS

Pointer Transactions

On October 3, 2019 (the “Closing Date”), in connection with the completion of the Transactions and pursuant to the terms of the Investment Agreement, I.D. Systems reorganized into a new holding company structure by merging I.D. Systems Merger Sub with and into I.D. Systems (the “I.D. Systems Merger”), with I.D. Systems surviving as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of PowerFleet. Also on October 3, 2019, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Pointer Merger Sub merged with and into Pointer (the “Pointer Merger”), with Pointer surviving as a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of PowerFleet Israel and an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of PowerFleet. As a result of the Transactions, I.D. Systems and PowerFleet Israel each became direct, wholly-owned subsidiaries of PowerFleet and Pointer became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of PowerFleet. In addition, as a result of the Transactions, PowerFleet became a publicly traded corporation and former I.D. Systems stockholders and former Pointer shareholders received common stock of PowerFleet. I.D. Systems common stock ceased trading on the Nasdaq Global Market and Pointer ordinary shares ceased trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market and the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”), following the close of trading on October 2, 2019 and at the effectiveness of the Pointer Merger on October 3, 2019, respectively, and PowerFleet common stock commenced trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on October 3, 2019 and on the TASE on October 6, 2019, in each case under the symbol “PWFL”.

At the effective time of the I.D. Systems Merger (the “I.D. Systems Merger Effective Time”), each share of I.D. Systems common stock outstanding immediately prior to such time (other than any I.D. Systems common stock owned by I.D. Systems immediately prior to the I.D. Systems Merger Effective Time) was converted automatically into the right to receive one share of PowerFleet common stock. At the effective time of the Pointer Merger (the “Pointer Merger Effective Time”), each Pointer ordinary share outstanding immediately prior to such time (other than Pointer ordinary shares owned, directly or indirectly, by I.D. Systems, PowerFleet or any of their subsidiaries or Pointer or any of its wholly-owned subsidiaries immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time) was cancelled in exchange for $8.50 in cash, without interest (the “Cash Consideration”), and 1.272 shares of PowerFleet common stock (the “Stock Consideration,” and together with the Cash Consideration, the “Pointer Merger Consideration”).

I.D. Systems stock options and restricted stock awards that were outstanding immediately prior to the I.D. Systems Merger Effective Time were converted automatically into equivalent PowerFleet awards on the same terms and conditions applicable to such I.D. Systems stock options and restricted stock awards prior to the I.D. Systems Merger Effective Time.

At the Pointer Merger Effective Time, each award of options to purchase Pointer ordinary shares that was outstanding and unvested immediately prior to such time was cancelled and substituted with options to purchase shares of PowerFleet common stock under the Company’s 2018 Incentive Plan on the same material terms and conditions as were applicable to the corresponding option immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time, except that (i) the number of shares of PowerFleet common stock underlying such substituted option is equal to the product of (A) the number of Pointer ordinary shares underlying such option immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time multiplied by (B) 2.544, with any fractional shares rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares of PowerFleet common stock, and (ii) the per-share exercise price is equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the exercise price per Pointer ordinary share subject to such option immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time by (B) 2.544 (rounded up to the nearest whole cent).

At the Pointer Merger Effective Time, each award of options to purchase Pointer ordinary shares that was outstanding and vested immediately prior to such time was cancelled in exchange for the right to receive the product of (i) the excess, if any, of (A) the Pointer Merger Consideration (allocated between the Cash Consideration and the Stock Consideration in the same proportion as for holders of Pointer ordinary shares), over (B) the exercise price per Pointer ordinary share subject to such option, multiplied by (ii) the total number of Pointer ordinary shares underlying such option. If the exercise price of a vested option was equal to or greater than the consideration payable in respect of a vested option, such option was cancelled without payment.

At the Pointer Merger Effective Time, each award of restricted stock units of Pointer (a “Pointer RSU”) that was outstanding and vested immediately prior to such time was cancelled in exchange for the right to receive the Pointer Merger Consideration (allocated between the Cash Consideration and the Stock Consideration in the same proportion as for holders of Pointer ordinary shares). Each Pointer RSU that was outstanding and unvested immediately prior to such time was cancelled and substituted with restricted stock units under the 2018 Plan representing the right to receive, on the same material terms and conditions as were applicable under such Pointer RSU immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time, that number of shares of PowerFleet common stock equal to the product of (i) the number of Pointer ordinary shares underlying such Pointer RSU immediately prior to the Pointer Merger Effective Time multiplied by (ii) 2.544, with any fractional shares rounded down to the nearest lower whole number of shares of PowerFleet common stock.

Total consideration for the Transactions of $130,415 included (i) $71,874 in cash paid at closing, (ii) 10,756 shares of PowerFleet common stock issued at closing with a fair value of $58,080 and (iii) $461 for share-based awards assumed.

The Cash Consideration was financed using (i) net proceeds of the issuance and sale by PowerFleet of 50 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to the Investors for an aggregate purchase price of $50,000 pursuant to the terms of the Investment Agreement, and (ii) term loan borrowings by PowerFleet Israel on the Closing Date of $30,000 under the Credit Agreement.

Pointer is a provider of telematics and mobile IoT solutions to the automotive, insurance and logistics (cargo, assets and containers) industries. Pointer’s cloud-based software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform extracts and captures data from an organization’s mobility points, including drivers, routes, points-of-interest, logistics network, vehicles, trailers, containers and cargo. The Transactions are expected to provide the Company with operational synergies and access to a broader base of customers.

The purchase method of accounting in accordance with ASC805, Business Combinations, was applied for the Transactions. This requires the total cost of an acquisition to be allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition with the excess cost accounted for as goodwill. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon a preliminary valuation and the estimates and assumptions are subject to change during the one-year measurement period and primarily related to income taxes. Goodwill arising from the acquisition is attributable to expected product and sales synergies from combining the operations of the acquired business with those of the Company. I.D. Systems has been determined to be the accounting acquirer in the Transactions.

The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation based on estimated fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date:

The results of operations of Pointer have been included in the consolidated statement of operations as of the effective date of the Transactions.

The following table represents the combined pro forma revenue and earnings for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019:

The combined pro forma revenue and earnings for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 for the Transactions were prepared as though such transactions had occurred as of January 1, 2019. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated cost synergies or other effects of the planned integration of Pointer. This summary is not necessarily indicative of what the results of operations would have been had the Transactions occurred during such period, nor does it purport to represent results of operations for any future periods.

CarrierWeb Acquisitions

On January 30, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition (the “CarrierWeb US Acquisition”) of substantially all of the assets of CarrierWeb, L.L.C. (“CarrierWeb”), an Atlanta-based provider of real-time in-cab mobile communications technology, electronic logging devices, two-way refrigerated command and control, and trailer tracking. Aggregate consideration for the CarrierWeb US Acquisition was $3,500, consisting of (i) a closing cash payment of $2,800 which consisted of cash of $2,150 and a credit bid by the Company in the amount of the aggregate principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest outstanding under a $650 debtor-in-possession loan made by the Company to CarrierWeb on January 11, 2019, and (ii) a $700 payment in April 2019, when CarrierWeb Services Ltd. (“CarrierWeb Ireland”) was restored to the Register of Companies in Ireland. The CarrierWeb US Acquisition was subject to the entry of a sale order by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Georgia approving such acquisition. The sale order was entered on January 28, 2019. In connection with the restoration of CarrierWeb Ireland to the Register of Companies in Ireland, the Company also made certain loans to CarrierWeb Ireland in the aggregate principal amount of $300.

On July 30, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition (the “CarrierWeb Ireland Acquisition” and together with the CarrierWeb US Acquisition, the “CarrierWeb Acquisitions”) of substantially all of the assets of CarrierWeb Ireland, an affiliate of CarrierWeb, from e*freightrac Holding B.V., the owner of the outstanding equity of CarrierWeb Ireland. Consideration for the CarrierWeb Ireland Acquisition included (i) $550 in cash paid at closing, and (ii) 127 shares of the Company’s common stock, less (1) 56 shares for the satisfaction of aggregate principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest outstanding under $300 loans, less (2) 44 shares held back with an estimated fair value of $250, which were released in November 2019.

The assets the Company acquired in the CarrierWeb Acquisitions have been integrated into the Company’s products. In connection with the CarrierWeb Acquisitions, the Company offered employment to all of the former employees of CarrierWeb and CarrierWeb Ireland. The CarrierWeb Acquisitions allow the Company to offer a full complement of highly-integrated logistics technology solutions to its current customers and prospects and immediately add customers and subscriber units.

The purchase method of accounting in accordance with ASC805, Business Combinations, was applied for the CarrierWeb Acquisitions. This requires the total cost of an acquisition to be allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition with the excess cost accounted for as goodwill. Goodwill arising from the acquisition is attributable to expected product and sales synergies from combining the operations of the acquired business with those of the Company.

The following table summarizes the final purchase price allocation of CarrierWeb and CarrierWeb Ireland based on the fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date:

The results of operations from each of the CarrierWeb Acquisitions have been included in the consolidated statement of operations as of the effective date of each such acquisition. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the CarrierWeb acquisition contributed approximately $628 to the Company’s revenues. Operating income contributed by the CarrierWeb Acquisitions was not separately identifiable due to Company’s integration activities and is impracticable to provide.

NOTE 5 - REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company and its subsidiaries generate revenue from sales of systems and products and from customer SaaS and hosting infrastructure fees. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Sales, value add, and other taxes the Company collects concurrently with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense. The expected costs associated with the Company’s base warranties continue to be recognized as expense when the products are sold (see Note 13).

Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with our customer are satisfied. Product sales are recognized at a point in time when title transfers, when the products are shipped, or when control of the system is transferred to the customer, which usually is upon delivery of the system and when contractual performance obligations have been satisfied. For products which do not have stand-alone value to the customer separate from the SaaS services provided, the Company considers both hardware and SaaS services a bundled performance obligation. Under the applicable accounting guidance, all of the Company’s billings for equipment and the related cost for these systems are deferred, recorded, and classified as a current and long-term liability and a current and long-term asset, respectively. The deferred revenue and cost are recognized over the service contract life, ranging from one to five years, beginning at the time that a customer acknowledges acceptance of the equipment and service.

The Company recognizes revenue for remotely hosted SaaS agreements and post-contract maintenance and support agreements beyond our standard warranties over the life of the contract. Revenue is recognized ratably over the service periods and the cost of providing these services is expensed as incurred. Amounts invoiced to customers which are not recognized as revenue are classified as deferred revenue and classified as short-term or long-term based upon the terms of future services to be delivered. Deferred revenue also includes prepayment of extended maintenance, hosting and support contracts.

The Company earns other service revenues from installation services, training and technical support services which are short-term in nature and revenue for these services are recognized at the time of performance or right to invoice.

The Company recognizes revenue on non-recurring engineering services over time, on an input-cost method performance basis, as determined by the relationship of actual labor and material costs incurred to date compared to the estimated total project costs. Estimates of total project costs are reviewed and revised during the term of the project. Revisions to project costs estimates, where applicable, are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to such changes become known.

The Company also derives revenue from leasing arrangements. Such arrangements provide for monthly payments covering product or system sale, maintenance, support and interest. These arrangements meet the criteria to be accounted for as sales-type leases. Accordingly, an asset is established for the “sales-type lease receivable” at the present value of the expected lease payments and revenue is deferred and recognized over the service contract, as described above. Maintenance revenues and interest income are recognized monthly over the lease term.

The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The Company generally determines standalone selling prices based on observable prices charged to customers or adjusted market assessment or using expected cost-plus margin when one is available. Adjusted market assessment price is determined based on overall pricing objectives taking into consideration market conditions and entity specific factors.

The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining the contract arising from the sales commissions to employees because the Company expects to recover those costs through future fees from the customers. The Company amortizes the asset over one to five years because the asset relates to the services transferred to the customer during the contract term of one to five years.

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed.

Deferred product costs consist of logistics visibility solutions equipment costs deferred in accordance with our revenue recognition policy. The Company evaluates the realizability of the carrying amount of the deferred contract costs. To the extent the carrying value of the deferred contract costs exceed the contract revenue, an impairment loss will be recognized.

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by revenue source for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2020:

The balances of contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers are as follows as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020:

NOTE 6 – PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

NOTE 7 - INVENTORY

Inventory, which primarily consists of finished goods and components used in the Company’s products, is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in first-out (FIFO) method. Inventory is shown net of a valuation reserve of $487 at December 31, 2019, and $583 at March 31, 2020.

Inventories consist of the following:

NOTE 8 - FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization, and are summarized as follows:

Depreciation and amortization expense of fixed assets for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 was $189,000 and $735,000, respectively. This includes amortization of costs associated with computer software for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 of $133,000 and $131,000, respectively.

NOTE 9 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

The following table summarizes identifiable intangible assets of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020:

At March 31, 2020, the weighted-average amortization period for the intangible assets was 9.0 years. At March 31, 2020, the weighted-average amortization periods for customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, patents, technology, favorable contract interests and covenant not to compete were 11.9, 4.5, 9.8, 7.0, 4.0 and 5.0 years, respectively.

Amortization expense for the three month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 was $193 and $1,332, respectively. Estimated future amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years for these intangible assets is as follows:

COVID-19 continues to adversely impact the broader global economy and has caused significant volatility in financial markets. If there is a lack of recovery or further global softening in certain markets, or a sustained decline in the value of the Company’s common stock, the Company may conclude that indicators of impairment exist and would then be required to calculate whether or not an impairment exists for its goodwill, other intangibles, and long-lived assets, the results of which could result in material impairment charges.

NOTE 10 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Option Plans

In June 2018, I.D. Systems’ stockholders approved the I.D. Systems, Inc. 2018 Incentive Plan (as amended the “2018 Plan”) pursuant to which I.D. Systems may grant stock options, restricted stock and other equity-based awards with respect to up to an aggregate of 1,500 shares of I.D. Systems’ common stock with a vesting period of approximately four to five years. Upon the adoption of the 2018 Plan, the I.D. Systems, Inc. 2009 Non-Employee Director Equity Compensation Plan and the I.D. Systems, Inc. 2015 Equity Compensation Plan were frozen, and no new awards can be issued pursuant to such plans. In connection with the completion of the Transactions, I.D. Systems assigned to PowerFleet and PowerFleet assumed all obligations of I.D. Systems pursuant to the 2018 Plan, which was amended to, among other things, increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder by 3,000 shares to 4,500 and to rename the plan to the PowerFleet, Inc. 2018 Incentive Plan. There were 766 shares available for future issuance under the 2018 Plan as of March 31, 2020.

The 2018 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, which has the authority to determine, among other things, the term during which an option may be exercised (not more than 10 years), the exercise price of an option and the vesting provisions.

The Company recognizes all employee share-based payments in the statement of operations as an operating expense, based on their fair values on the applicable grant date.

In connection with the Transactions, on March 13, 2019, I.D. Systems’ board of directors approved the grant of options to purchase 350 shares of the Company’s common stock to Chris Wolfe, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and the grant of options to purchase 150 shares of the Company’s common stock to Ned Mavrommatis, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. The options are subject to the terms of the 2018 Plan, have an exercise price of $6.28 per share, vest upon the attainment of adjusted EBITDA targets for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021 and become exercisable 180 days after vesting. Vesting of the options will accelerate in the event of certain change of control transactions.

On October 3, 2019, in connection with the completion of the Transactions, the Company’s board of directors approved the grant of additional options to purchase 350 shares of the Company’s common stock to Mr. Wolfe and the grant of additional options to purchase 150 shares of the Company’s common stock to Mr. Mavrommatis. Such additional options are subject to the terms of the 2018 Plan, have an exercise price of $6.00 per share, vest upon the attainment of adjusted EBITDA targets for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021 and become exercisable 180 days after vesting. Vesting of the options will accelerate in the event of certain change of control transactions.

[A] Stock options:

The following table summarizes the activity relating to the Company’s stock options for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020:

The fair value of each option grant on the date of grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model reflecting the following weighted-average assumptions:

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock and the expected life of options is based on historical data with respect to employee exercise periods.

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $136 and $432, respectively, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, in connection with awards made under the stock option plans.

The fair value of options vested during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 was $201 and $1,008, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 was $-0- and $196, respectively.

As of March 31, 2020, there was approximately $3,520 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested options granted under the Company’s stock option plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 5.0 years.

The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of valuation and reduces expense ratably over the vesting period. This estimate is adjusted periodically based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from the previous estimate.

[B] Restricted Stock Awards:

The Company grants restricted stock to employees, whereby the employees are contractually restricted from transferring the shares until they are vested. The stock is unvested at the time of grant and, upon vesting, there are no legal restrictions on the stock. The fair value of each share is based on the Company’s closing stock price on the date of the grant. A summary of all non-vested restricted stock for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 is as follows:

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $447 and $549, respectively, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, in connection with restricted stock grants. As of March 31, 2020, there was $3,327 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested shares. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

[C] Restricted Stock Units:

The Company also grants restricted stock units (RSUs) to employees. The following table summarizes the activity relating to the Company’s restricted stock units for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020:

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $-0- and $128, respectively, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, in connection with the RSUs. As of March 31, 2020, there was $626 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

NOTE 11 - NET LOSS PER SHARE

Net loss per share for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020 are as follows:

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution assuming common shares were issued upon the exercise of outstanding options and the proceeds thereof were used to purchase outstanding common shares. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options, warrants and restricted stock and performance share awards. We include participating securities (unvested share-based payment awards and equivalents that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents) in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Our participating securities consist solely of preferred stock, which have contractual participation rights equivalent to those of stockholders of unrestricted common stock. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an allocation method that calculates earnings per share for common stock and participating securities. During periods of net loss, no effect is given to the participating securities because they do not share in the losses of the Company. For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, the basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding are the same, since the effect from the potential exercise of outstanding stock options, conversion of preferred stock and convertible note payable, and vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units totaling 2,648 and 12,659, respectively, would have been anti-dilutive due to the loss.

NOTE 12 - SHORT-TERM BANK DEBT AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Convertible notes payable

In connection with the Transactions, the Company issued the Notes to the Investors in the aggregate principal amount of $5,000 at the closing of the Transactions. The Notes bear interest at 10% per annum, will mature on September 30, 2020 and may be prepaid in full subject to a prepayment premium. The principal amount of, and accrued interest through the maturity date on, the Notes will convert automatically into Series A Preferred Stock at the original issuance price thereof of $1,000.00 per share upon approval by the Company’s stockholders in accordance with Nasdaq rules.

Long-term debt

In connection with the Transactions, PowerFleet Israel incurred $30,000 in term loan borrowings on the Closing Date under the Credit Agreement, pursuant to which Hapoalim agreed to provide PowerFleet Israel with two senior secured term loan facilities in an aggregate principal amount of $30,000 (comprised of two facilities in the aggregate principal amount of $20,000 and $10,000, respectively (the “Term A Facility” and “Term B Facility”, respectively, and collectively, the “Term Facilities”)) and a five-year revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) to Pointer in an aggregate principal amount of $10,000 (collectively, the “Credit Facilities”). On the first anniversary of the Closing Date, the Company will be required to deposit in a separate restricted deposit account the Israeli shekel (“NIS”) equivalent of $3,000. As of March 31, 2020, no amounts were outstanding under the revolving credit facility.

The Credit Facilities will mature on the date that is five years from the Closing Date. The indicative interest rate provided for the Term Facilities in the Credit Agreement is approximately 4.73% for the Term A Facility and 5.89% for the Term B Facility. The interest rate for the Revolving Facility is, with respect to NIS-denominated loans, Hapoalim’s prime rate + 2.5%, and with respect to US dollar-denominated loans, LIBOR + 4.6%. In addition, the Company pays a 1% commitment fee on the unutilized and uncancelled availability under the Revolving Facility. The Credit Facilities are secured by the shares held by PowerFleet Israel in Pointer and by Pointer over all of its assets. The Credit Agreement includes customary representations, warranties, affirmative covenants, negative covenants (including the following financial covenants, tested quarterly: Pointer’s net debt to EBITDA; Pointer’s net debt to working capital; minimum equity of PowerFleet Israel; PowerFleet Israel equity to total assets; PowerFleet Israel net debt to EBITDA; and Pointer EBITDA to current payments and events of default. The Company is in compliance with the covenants as of March 31, 2020.

In connection with the Credit Facilities, the Company incurred debt issuance costs of $742. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2020, amortization of the debt issuance costs was $19. The Company recorded charges of $-0- and $360 to interest expense on its consolidated statements of operations for each of the three-months periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020, related to interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs associated with the Credit Facilities.

Scheduled maturities of the Term A Facility and the Term B Facility as of March 31, 2020 are as follows:

The Term B Facility is not subject to amortization over the life of the loan and instead the original principal amount is to be due in one installment on the fifth anniversary of the date of the consummation of the Transactions.

NOTE 13 - ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following:

The Company’s products are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one to three years from the date of acceptance of the product by the customer. The customers may purchase an extended warranty providing coverage up to a maximum of 60 months. A provision for estimated future warranty costs is recorded for expected or historical warranty matters related to equipment shipped and is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2020.

The following table summarizes warranty activity for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2020: